JNews

This level is locked

6課 命令・禁止・義務
Command, prohibition, obligation — 命令形, なさい, なければならない, てもいい
6課

〜なければならない

接続:Vない形(ない→なければ) + ならない/いけない
Must…, forced to… — obligation due to regulations, circumstances, laws.
注意 / Note:ならない favors general, social rules; いけない is more about personal circumstances. The negative form of both means 'must'.
比較 / Compare:〜なければならない(must)/〜なくてもいい(don't need)/〜てはいけない(can't).
よく出る形 / Common form:(〜までに)Vなければなりません。
明日までにこの仕事を終えなければなりません。
I have to finish this before tomorrow.
外国人は在留カードを持たなければならない。
Foreigners must bring their residence card.
薬は毎日飲まなければいけませんか。
Must the medicine be taken every day?

Same lesson

JLPT study area

Create a free account to start the JLPT programme and keep all your progress.

or
Forgot password?

Bilingual articles stay free to read, no account needed.

Choose your language

Japanese content always stays — that is what you are here to learn.

Choose your level before you start

Your account has not picked a level yet. Choose one so JNews opens the right roadmap and drills, and saves your progress.

The other four lock once you choose. You can switch later, but the old level’s progress is erased.