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Middle paragraph – explanation ⑥
第4部 内容理解（中文）・説明文⑥. Tip: the article has 2 underlined places ①② and 3 questions in CORRECT paragraph order. 問1 asks reason of ① → the sentence 「しかし、便利になるということは…」 right in front. 問2 is noun directive ②「それ」→ takes the closest noun in front. 問3 ask for ideas about the whole lesson → combine 2 examples (use of force, ability to memorize) into a general conclusion.
科学技術の進歩によって、私たちの生活はより快適で便利になっている。しかし、便利になるということは、①人間の能力が失われることだとも言われている。
例えば、重いものを持ち上げて運ぶとき、機械がなかった時代には人が行っていた。昔の武道（注1）を研究している人の話によると、これはそのころの人が今よりずっと力があったというわけではなく、どのように体を使えば重いものが運べるかがわかっていたので、できたのだという。だが、今は②それが伝えられることもなくなりつつある。
また、文字を持たない社会には、非常に長い物語や詩などでも、覚えて伝えられる人がいた。しかし、今、そのような人は非常に少なくなっている。こうしたことを考えると、自分たちがなくしたものの存在に気づかされる。
これから、私たちはどのような能力を失うのだろうか。
（注1）武道：武士が戦いのために身につけなければならない技術や精神
Explanation: Opening sentence: 科学技術の進歩 → 生活が便利に → その分「人間の能力が失われる」. That means machines and tools increase, so people gradually lose their abilities → ①. ② the article is not about remembering the past. ③ is negated by the card (the ancients were not stronger). ④ contrary: today people STILL pursue comfort.
Why are ①human abilities lost?
① Because today there are more useful machines and tools for daily life than before. · ② Because people today no longer try to remember the old days. · ③ Because people in the past always tried to improve their abilities, but today they don't. · ④ Because unlike in the past, people today no longer want a comfortable and convenient life.
Explanation: Sentence immediately before: 「どのように体を使えば重いものが運べるかがわかっていた」→ 「それ」＝ how to use the body → ③. ② is clearly negated by the card: 「今よりずっと力があったというわけではなく」.
What does ②「that」refer to?
① Machinery · ② The body has strength · ③ How to use the body · ④ Everyone's cooperation
Explanation: These two examples (how to carry heavy objects, the ability to memorize long stories) both show that humans have lost their inherent abilities because of machines and writing → ③. ① talk about job loss, the lesson is not discussed. ② relationships between people – not in the article. ④ is only partly correct (passing down), not the main idea 「能力が失われる」.
What does this article say about the progress of science and technology?
① Thanks to progress, life will be better, but the work people once did will be lost. · ② Progress is wonderful, but because of that, the connection between people is lost. · ③ As people progress, they rely on machines and tools, so many things can no longer be done by themselves. · ④ The more progress is made, the more stories of the past are not passed on and are gradually forgotten.
Thanks to the advancement of science and technology, our lives are becoming more comfortable and convenient. However, it is also said that becoming convenient also means that ①human capabilities are lost.
For example, when it comes to lifting and carrying heavy objects, in the days when there were no machines, people did it themselves. According to a person who studied martial arts (note 1) in ancient times, it was not because people back then were much stronger than now, but because they knew how to use their bodies to carry heavy objects, so they could do it. But today ②that is gradually no longer being passed down.
In addition, in societies without writing, there were people who memorized and passed down even very long stories or poems. But today, such people have become extremely rare. Thinking about those things, we suddenly realize the existence of things that we have lost.
From now on, what other abilities will we lose?
(note 1) 武道: techniques and spirit that martial artists must practice to fight.
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