1課 基本の助詞
Foundational particles
接続：N は ～です／N は Vます
Auxiliary は: marks the topic “about/about…”. Placed after the topic the speaker wants to state information about; write は but read わ.
注意 / Note：Not to be confused with が: は states the subject/contrast, while が usually identifies or emphasizes the subject.
使い分け / How to choose quickly：Use when: Say “about A…” or contrast A with B
Wonder: Am I setting the subject or am I pointing to the right person/thing?
Avoid: Do not use it to reply directly だれが／なにが
Tip to remember: If you look at Vietnamese and see "con/about...", think of は
Check again: Take away A, is the rest information about A?
Wonder: Am I setting the subject or am I pointing to the right person/thing?
Avoid: Do not use it to reply directly だれが／なにが
Tip to remember: If you look at Vietnamese and see "con/about...", think of は
Check again: Take away A, is the rest information about A?
私は会社員です。
I am a company employee.
京都は秋がきれいです。
Kyoto is beautiful in autumn.
この電車は大阪へ行きます。
This train goes to Osaka.