JNews

This level is locked

3課 受身・使役・使役受身
Passive / commanded / dictated — to be, to be, to be caught, to be allowed
3課

〜によって(受身の動作主)

接続:N(人)+ によって + V受身形
By (who) — marks the doer in passive sentences about invention, discovery, composition, construction.
注意 / Note:Only used with verbs of type 発明する・発見する・書く・作る・建てる. Don't say ×先生によってほめられた.
比較 / Compare:に(passive often)/によって(invent, create — writing).
よく出る形 / Common form:Nは(人)によって 発明された/書かれた/建てられた。
電話はベルによって発明されました。
The telephone was invented by Bell.
この小説は夏目漱石によって書かれました。
This novel is written by Natsume Souseki.
新しい薬がその研究者によって発見された。
The new drug was discovered by that researcher.

Same lesson

JLPT study area

Create a free account to start the JLPT programme and keep all your progress.

or
Forgot password?

Bilingual articles stay free to read, no account needed.

Choose your language

Japanese content always stays — that is what you are here to learn.

Choose your level before you start

Your account has not picked a level yet. Choose one so JNews opens the right roadmap and drills, and saves your progress.

The other four lock once you choose. You can switch later, but the old level’s progress is erased.