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13課 助詞・接続詞・敬語入門
Particles, conjunctions & introductory honorifics — だけ, しか, までに, こそあど, お〜になる
13課

敬語入門(尊敬語・謙譲語・丁寧語)

接続:尊敬語: お+Vます形+になる/いらっしゃる・召し上がる 謙譲語: お+Vます形+する/いたす・参る・申す 丁寧語: です・ます
Three types of honorifics: 尊敬語 elevate the actions of others; 謙譲語 lower your actions; 丁寧語 make polite sentences.
注意 / Note:The core point is direction: action of opponent → respect; one's actions → humility. Saying ×先生が申しました is seriously wrong.
比較 / Compare:先生がお帰りになりました(respect)/私が帰ります→お先に失礼いたします(humility).
よく出る形 / Common form:お+Vます形+になる(尊敬)/お+Vます形+する(謙譲).
先生はもうお帰りになりました。
Teacher is back.
お荷物をお持ちします。
Let me carry your luggage for you.
田中と申します。よろしくお願いいたします。
My name is Tanaka. Looking forward to your help.

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