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Kiểm tra bài cũ
Đề kiểm tra nội dung Session 16 · 時間・時① · 時間・時② · 天気・季節. Đúng từ 80% trở lên thì mở được buổi học hôm nay. Sai thì làm lại ngay, không phải chờ.
Hiểu nghĩa, cách nối và tự đặt câu ngắn.
Grammar of this session 文法 2課
5 patterns · mẫu đang học được tô vàng ngay trong câu ví dụ
2課 5 patterns
- ～に～があります／います ni gaarimasu imasu 文法In… there is…. あります used for objects/plants; います used for humans and animals.接続：Where に things があります／people・animals がいますIn… there is…. あります used for objects/plants; います used for humans and animals.注意 / Note：Existence pattern uses に; Action location uses で.使い分け / How to choose quickly：Use when: Say where there are people/things
Wonder: Is describing existence rather than action?
Avoid: Don't use で for where it exists
Tip to remember: Things/plants use あります, people/animals use います
Check again: Change the verb to "have" in Vietnamese, places often go with に教室に学生がいます。There are students in the class.冷蔵庫に卵があります。There are eggs in the refrigerator.駅の前にコンビニがあります。In front of the station there is a convenience store. - ～に行きます ni ikimasu 文法Go to… to do…. Attach に after the stem ます of an action verb or noun to state the purpose.接続：Where へ／に Vます-stem に行きますGo to… to do…. Attach に after the stem ます of an action verb or noun to state the purpose.注意 / Note：Before に use the root ます: 食べます→食べに, do not use 食べるに.使い分け / How to choose quickly：Use when: Say where to go for a purpose
Wonder: Is there a purpose verb before 行きます?
Avoid: Don't use the dictionary form + に
Tip to remember: Remove ます then + に行きます
Check again: Ask “what are you going for?” then reply with Vます-stem + に図書館へ本を借りに行きます。I went to the library to borrow books.駅へ母を迎えに行きます。I went to the station to pick up my mother.週末、海へ泳ぎに行きます。On weekends I go to the beach to swim. - ～に来ます ni kimasu 文法Come to do…. State the purpose of the movement toward the speaker's position or reference point.接続：Where へ／に Vます-stem に来ますCome to do…. State the purpose of the movement toward the speaker's position or reference point.注意 / Note：Distinguish between 行きます “go” and 来ます “come”.使い分け / How to choose quickly：Use when: Refers to the speaker's place/reference point for doing something
Wonder: Is the direction of motion “coming” and not “going”?
Avoid: Don't use 行きます when you mean go to the speaker
Tip to remember: Origin ます + に来ます
Check again: Determine where to look from: towards the speaker 来ます友達が日本へ勉強しに来ました。My friend went to Japan to study.友達がうちへ遊びに来ます。My friend came to my house to play.兄は大阪へ仕事をしに来ました。My brother went to Osaka to work. - ～に帰ります ni kaerimasu 文法Returning to do…. State your purpose for returning home, hometown or the place where you belong.接続：Where へ／に Vます-stem に帰りますReturning to do…. State your purpose for returning home, hometown or the place where you belong.注意 / Note：帰ります implies returning to a familiar place; 戻ります only returns to the previous position/state.使い分け / How to choose quickly：Use when: Say what to do when returning home/hometown
Wonder: Is the point of return to home, hometown or a place that belongs to me?
Avoid: Don't use it when just returning to your seat/work
Tip to remember: Vます-stem + に帰ります
Check again: If the natural translation is "return home/hometown", priority 帰る昼ご飯を食べに家へ帰ります。I went home to have lunch.週末は家へ休みに帰ります。On weekends I go home to rest.忘れ物を取りに学校へ帰りました。I went back to school to pick up something I forgot. - ～に戻ります ni modorimasu 文法Back, back. Used when returning to a previous position, job or state, not necessarily home/hometown.接続：Place／state に戻りますBack, back. Used when returning to a previous position, job or state, not necessarily home/hometown.注意 / Note：帰ります usually means going home/hometown; 戻ります is to return to the previous point/state.使い分け / How to choose quickly：Use when: Saying to return to an old point, place or state
Wonder: Does it mean “return” rather than “go home”?
Avoid: Don't use 帰る if returning to a meeting/seat
Tip to remember: Place/state + に戻ります
Check again: Ask: return “home” or return to “previous point”?会議のあと、席に戻ります。After the meeting, I returned to my seat.昼休みのあと、事務所に戻りました。After lunch break, I returned to the office.一度ホテルに戻って、荷物を取ります。I went back to the hotel once to pick up my luggage.
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