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Middle paragraph – explanation ③
第4部 内容理解（中文）・説明文③. Tip: the article is told in TEMPORAL ORDER (昔 → 100年ほど前 → 1981年 → 現在). Please draw the time axis before choosing the answer; The trap often lies in reversing the order or changing 同じ種類 (same species) to 似た鳥 (same species). Last sentence = author's idea. ※ The source has an error in the word 真っぽく → the correct word is 真っ白く.
トキは大きくて美しい鳥である。体の大きさは75センチほどで、羽を広げると140センチにもなる。体の色は真っ白く見えるが、羽を広げると、薄い赤い色をしている。これはトキ色と呼ばれ、人々に好まれた。昔は日本中どこでもトキを見ることができたが、100年ほど前から羽を取るために捕まえられ、少しずつ数を減らしていった。工業化が進むと、トキが暮らす田んぼや森が減ったり、環境が汚染されたりして、その数は非常に少なくなった。そして1981年、ついに日本のトキは絶滅した（注1）。
現在は、中国にいた同じ種類のトキを輸入し、佐渡という島で育てている。そして、数が増えてきたら自然に戻すという計画が立てられている。トキを復活（注2）させるため、多くのお金を使い、多くの人々が努力している。
自然は簡単に失われるが、一度失われたら元に戻すのは簡単ではない。
（注1）絶滅する：ある種類の生物がすっかりいなくなる
（注2）復活：なくなってしまったものが、また元に戻ること
Explanation: Time axis: 昔は日本中にいた → 1981年に絶滅 → 現在は中国から輸入して育てている → ②. ① is wrong because Japanese toki are all extinct. ③ is wrong because it did not say it had increased again (it was just a plan). ④ word trap: the article says 同じ種類 (same species), not 似た鳥 (same bird species).
Which idea is correct about the Japanese toki (crested ibis) bird?
① It used to be found all over Japan, but its numbers have gradually decreased, and now there are only a few left on Sado Island. · ② It used to be found in fields and forests everywhere, but has become extinct, and is now raising imported toki. · ③ The number decreased with industrialization, but is now increasing again. · ④ Because it was extinct, people imported Chinese birds similar to toki to raise.
Explanation: Two reasons combined: 羽を取るために捕まえられた + 田んぼや森が減り、環境が汚染された → ② (〜した上に = not only… but also). ① the article does not say. ③ do not have to fly to China. ④ trap: captured for FUR, not kept as a pet.
Why is the number of Japanese toki birds decreasing?
① Because toki ate too many creatures in the fields and forests, he was caught. · ② Because of being captured, toki's living environment also deteriorated. · ③ Because the places where toki can live is limited, they fly to countries like China. · ④ Because many people want to keep these beautiful birds, they are caught.
Explanation: Conclusion = author's intention: 自然は簡単に失われるが、一度失われたら元に戻すのは簡単ではない → must be respectfully preserved → ③. ① is only partial emotion. ② not just because of crashes. ④ reverse the meaning of the article.
What does the writer of this article want to say?
① The extinction of the beautiful Japanese toki species is unfortunate. · ② Beautiful creatures should be bred and returned to the wild, even if they have economic difficulties. · ③ Nature is very difficult to restore, so it must be respected and preserved. · ④ Even though nature is about to disappear, it can still be restored in many ways.
Toki (Japanese ibis) is a large and plump bird. The body is about 75 cm long, wingspan is up to 140 cm. The body color looks pure white, but when the wings spread out, they are light red. That color is called toki color and is very popular. In the past, toki were found everywhere in Japan, but since about 100 years ago they were caught for their fur so their numbers have gradually decreased. As industrialization progresses, the fields and forests - where toki live - shrink, the environment is polluted, and the number decreases sharply. And in 1981, Japanese toki became extinct (note 1).
Currently, people import toki of the SAME SPECIES from China and raise them on Sado Island. The plan is that when the number increases, they will be returned to the wild. To revive (note 2) the toki species, a lot of money is being spent and a lot of people are making efforts.
Losing nature is easy, but once lost, restoring it is not easy.
(note 1) 絶滅: a species of creature disappears completely. (note 2) 復活: what was lost is now back as before.
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